Application of Water Nanodroplets in Gas Oil in Order to Reduce Environment Pollutants

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Assistant professor, Polymer Science and Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran

2 Project manager, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran

3 Head of Polymer Identification and Evaluation Research Group, Polymer Science and Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this research, Nanoemulsions of water droplets in gas oil have been prepared using combination of nonionic surfactants. Three formulations of the emulsion containing various amount of water as 5, 10 and 14 volume fractions (based on 100 volume fractions of gas oil) have been prepared, clear and stable, using a mixture of two surfactants containing sorbitan monooleate (20%) and sorbitan trioleate polyoxyethylene (20 mole ethoxylated) (80%) and adjusting the system HLB at 10. The effect of water content on droplets size, fuel calorific value, amount of gas emissions (environmental pollutants) and the exhaust gas temperature have been studied in a diesel engine, and it has been found that the amount of nitrogen oxide, soot, particulates, unburnt hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are reduced. This study shows that the average droplet size of water formed (being 19.3-39 nanometers in this research) depends on the total concentration of surfactants and the amount of water used.

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